Prevalences of myopia (spherical equivalent at least −0.5 D in either eye) in Malaysia and Singapore
| Malaysia (n = 1752) | Singapore (n = 1962) | Difference (Singapore−Malaysia) | p Value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No at risk | Cases | Prevalence(%) | 95% CI | No at risk | Cases | Prevalence(%) | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | ||
| Ethnicity | |||||||||||
| Malay | 1245 | 114 | 9.2 | 7.4 to 10.9 | 348 | 77 | 22.1 | 17.9 to 26.9 | 13.0 | 11.2 to 14.7 | <0.001 |
| Chinese | 285 | 88 | 30.9 | 23.4 to 38.3 | 1467 | 588 | 40.1 | 37.6 to 42.6 | 9.2 | 1.5 to 16.9 | 0.03 |
| Indian | 152 | 19 | 12.5 | 8.3 to 16.7 | 126 | 43 | 34.1 | 25.9 to 43.1 | 21.6 | 17.4 to 25.9 | <0.001 |
| Others | 70 | 14 | 20.0 | 11.3 to 28.7 | 21 | 4 | 19.0 | 5.4 to 41.9 | −1.0 | −11.6 to 9.7 | 0.84 |
| Age (years) | |||||||||||
| 7 | 581 | 58 | 10.0 | 6.8 to 13.1 | 851 | 243 | 28.6 | 25.5 to 31.7 | 18.6 | 15.4 to 21.7 | <0.001 |
| 8 | 601 | 84 | 14.0 | 10.3 to 17.6 | 630 | 219 | 34.8 | 31.0 to 38.6 | 20.8 | 17.2 to 24.4 | <0.001 |
| 9 | 570 | 93 | 16.3 | 11.7 to 20.9 | 481 | 250 | 52.0 | 47.4 to 56.5 | 35.7 | 31.0 to 40.3 | <0.001 |
| Gender | |||||||||||
| Male | 924 | 126 | 13.6 | 10.2 to 17.1 | 992 | 379 | 38.2 | 35.2 to 41.3 | 24.6 | 21.1 to 28.0 | <0.001 |
| Female | 828 | 109 | 13.2 | 10.2 to 16.1 | 970 | 333 | 34.3 | 31.3 to 37.4 | 21.2 | 18.2 to 24.1 | <0.001 |
| Completed education level of father | |||||||||||
| No formal education or incomplete education | 46 | 4 | 8.7 | 1.5 to 15.9 | 71 | 18 | 25.4 | 15.8 to 37.1 | 16.7 | 9.2 to 24.1 | 0.008 |
| Primary education | 393 | 63 | 16.0 | 11.5 to 20.6 | 464 | 149 | 32.1 | 27.9 to 36.6 | 16.1 | 11.5 to 20.7 | <0.001 |
| Secondary education | 771 | 91 | 11.8 | 8.8 to 14.8 | 747 | 268 | 35.9 | 32.4 to 39.4 | 24.1 | 21.0 to 27.1 | <0.001 |
| Pretertiary education | 202 | 20 | 9.9 | 4.2 to 15.6 | 309 | 117 | 37.9 | 32.4 to 43.5 | 28.0 | 22.2 to 33.7 | <0.001 |
| Tertiary and above | 158 | 30 | 19.0 | 13.4 to 24.6 | 355 | 153 | 43.1 | 37.9 to 48.4 | 24.1 | 18.3 to 29.9 | <0.001 |
| All | 1752 | 235 | 13.4 | 10.8 to 16.0 | 1962 | 712 | 36.3 | 34.2 to 38.5 | 22.9 | 20.3 to 25.4 | <0.001 |