Comparison of risk factors in NAION patients and controls
| Risk factor | NAION patients | Controls | Odds ratio | 95% CI | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAION, non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy; CAD, coronary artery disease; NS mtDNA changes, non-synonymous (changing an amino acid in the resultant protein) mitochondrial DNA nucleotide change; Homo, homozygous; Hetero, heterozygous. Diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and CAD were assessed by patient report both from NAION patients and from controls. Controls previously reported for mtDNA changes and for atherosclerotic and prothrombotic risk factors (see text). Odds ratio and p values compare prevalence of different risk factors in NAION patients to controls. | ||||||
| Apo E4 | Homo | 0/19 | 0/593 | 31.2 | 0.60 to 1615.3 | 1 |
| Factor II G20210A | Homo | 0/19 | 0/593 | 31.2 | 0.60 to 1615.3 | 1 |
| Hetero | 0/19 | 10/593 | 0 | 0.00 to 17.52 | 1 | |
| Factor V G1691A | Homo | 0/19 | 0/200 | 10.5 | 0.20 to 545.6 | 1 |
| Hetero | 0/19 | 5/200 | 0 | 0.00 to 13.10 | 1 | |
| MTHFR C677T | Homo | 0/19 | 12/625 | 0 | 0.00 to 15.06 | 1 |
| Hetero | 4/19 | 161/625 | 0.77 | 0.21 to 2.52 | 0.79 | |
| MTHFR A1298C | Homo | 0/19 | 57/625 | 0 | 0.00 to 2.71 | 0.39 |
| Hetero | 7/19 | 322/625 | 0.55 | 0.19 to 1.52 | 0.30 | |
| PIA2 allele | Homo | 0/19 | 12/509 | 0 | 0.00 to 12.22 | 1 |
| Hetero | 3/19 | 137/509 | 0.51 | 0.12–1.89 | 0.41 | |
| Age, mean (SD) | – | 58.8 (8.5) | 57.1 (4.2) | – | – | 0.40 |
| Sex (M:F) | – | 14:5 | 351:160 | 1.28 | 0.42 to 4.13 | 0.64 |
| Diabetes | – | 13/19 | 256/511 | 2.16 | 0.75 to 6.47 | 0.18 |
| Hypertension | – | 10/19 | 209/511 | 1.61 | 0.59 to 4.38 | 0.43 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | – | 2/19 | 59/511 | 0.68 | 0.11 to 3.17 | 1 |
| CAD | – | 1/19 | 27/511 | 0.55 | 0.03 to 4.03 | 1 |
| NS mtDNA changes | – | 14/19 | 11/100 | 22.6 | 6.03 to 91.07 | < 0.001 |