Table 3

Visual impairment and blindness prevalence by age, sex, literacy and geographical area

ParticularsExaminedVisual impairmentBlindnessVisual impairment+blindness
No (%)UnilateralBilateralTotal
No (%)No (%)No (%)
Age (years)
 50–592472259 (10.5)114 (4.6)42 (1.7)156 (6.3)415 (16.8)
 60–691590377 (23.7)164 (10.3)86 (5.4)250 (15.7)627 (39.4)*
 70+1076338 (31.4)172 (16.0)109 (10.1)281 (26.1)619 (57.5)†
Sex
 Male2437484 (19.9)231 (9.5)121 (5)352 (14.4)836 (34.3)
 Female2701490 (18.1)219 (8.1)116 (4.3)335 (12.4)825 (30.5)
Literacy
 Literate64884 (13.0)42 (6.5)10 (1.5)52 (8.0)136 (21.0)
 Illiterate4490890 (19.8)408 (9.1)227 (5.1)635 (14.1)1525 (34.0)‡
Residence
 Plains2661544 (20.4)276 (10.4)155 (5.8)431 (16.2)975 (36.6)
 Hills2477430 (17.4)174 (7.0)82 (3.3)256 (10.3)686 (27.7)§
Total5138974 (19)450 (8.8)237 (4.6)687 (13.4)1661 (32.3)
  • * Adjusted odds ratio versus age 50–59: 3.2 (95% CI 2.2 to 4.6; p<0.01).

  • Adjusted odds ratio versus age 50–59: 6.1 (95% CI 4.1 to 9.1; p<0.01).

  • Adjusted odds ratio 2.9 (95% CI 1.6 to 5.1; p<0.01).

  • § Adjusted odds ratio 0.6 (95% CI 0.4 to 0.9; p<0.01).