Visual outcomes following IAM for retinoblastoma: functional, vascular (FFA) and structural results
| Function | Vascular | Structure | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient (age) | VA ERG/VEP pre-IAM | VA ERG/VEP post 1st IAM | VA ERG/VEP post-2nd IAM | Post-3rd IAM | Post-4th IAM | Post-5th IAM | VA last visit | Sectoral choroid change | Diffusechoroid change | Local RD | Diffuse RD |
| 1 (15 m) LE | BEO:6/30cc 0.5m 20/100 LE fix preference ERG/VEP:ND | LE fix preference ERG/VEP:ND | BEO: 6/38cc1m 20/125 LE fix pref ERG/VEP:ND | ND | ND | ND | LE: no FF | No | No | No | Yes |
| 2 (24 m) LE | BEO: 6/24cc1m 20/80 LE fix preference ERG/VEP:ND | BEO: 6/24cc1m 20/80 ERG/VEP:ND | BEO: 6/60 6 m Kays 20/200 ERG/VEP:ND | ND | ND | ND | LE: 1.5/60 Kays singles 20/240 | No | Yes | No | No |
| 3 (11 m) RE | RE: 6/30cc1m 20/100 ERG Normal PoVEP:6.25′ | RE:6/24cc1m 20/80 ERG: stable PoVEP: sl ↓ | RE:6/24cc1m 20/80 ERG: stable PoVEP: stable | ND | ND | ND | RE:6/12 Kays 20/40 MLN RE | Yes (fovea spared) | No | No | No |
| 4 (24 m) RE | RE: 6/19cc1m ERG: R<L PrVEP BEO good Flash VEP RE=LE | RE:6/9Kays 20/30 ERG/VEP: ND | RE:6/5Kays 20/16 ERG/VEP: ND | ND | ND | ND | RE:6/9 SG 20/30 | No | No | No | No |
| 5 (11 m) RE | BEO:6/9cc1m 20/30 (equal objection to occlusion) ERG: R<L PoVEP 25′R<L | BEO: 6/15cc1m 20/50 (LE fix pref) ERG RE rod ↓ PoVEP sl ↓ | RE:6/60cc 50 cm 20/200 ERG/VEP:ND | ND | ND | ND | RE: FF | Yes (entire temporal retina) | No | No | No |
| 6 (20 m) LE | BEO:6/15cc1m 20/50 ERG: R=L N fVEP flash only | BEO:6/12cc1m 20/40 ERG: LE ↓ fVEP stable | BEO:6/12cc1m 20/40 ERG/VEP: ND | ND | ND | ND | LE: 6/9 Kays 20/30 MLN RE | No | No | No | No |
| 7 (11 m) LE | LE: 3.8cpd Keeler 20/166 ERG: N PrVEP: N 6.25′ | LE: 5.3cpd Keeler 20/100 ERG: ↓ PrVEP: ↓ | ND | ND | ND | ND | LE: 6/9.5 CC 1m 20/30 MLN LE | Yes (fovea spared) | No | No | No |
| 8 (40 m) LE | LE:6/5Kays 20/16 ERG: mixed L<R PrVEP LE<RE 6.25′ | LE:6/5 Kays 20/16 ERG:cone delay PrVEP: stable | LE:6/5 Kays 20/16 ERG:stable PrVEP: stable | LE: 6/6 Kays 20/20 ND | LE: 1/60 Kays ND | LE: 1/60 SG ND | LE: 1/60 SG 20/1300 | No | Yes (nasal retina spared) | No | No |
9 (82 m) LE | LE:6/6 Snellen 20/20 PERG: L<R ERG: N LE & RE PrVEP: L<R 6.25′ EOG: N L<R | LE:6/5 Snellen 20/16 PERG L ↑ ERG: stable PrVEP: stable EOG: stable | LE:6/4Snellen 20/12 PERG: stable ERG: stable PrVEP: stable EOG: stable | LE: 5/60 20/20 ND | ND | ND | LE: 6/76 Snellen 20/252 | Yes (fovea) | No | No | No |
| 10 (9 m) RE | BEO:3.8cpd Keeler 20/166 (objects RE occlusion) ERG/VEP:ND | RE FF (objects RE occlusion) ERG/VEP:ND | BEO: 6/15cc1m 20/50 ERG mixed N PrVEP: BEO100′ abn | ND | ND | ND | BEO: 6/15 20/50 CC1 m RE: FF MLN LE | No | No | No | No |
11 (11 m) RE | BEO:6/12CC1m 20/40 ERG RE N ERG LE delay PrVEP BEO 6.25′ | BEO:6/15CC1 m 20/50 ERG RE stable ERG LE ↓ ↓ ↓ PrVEP BEO stable | BEO:6/15CC 1 m 20/50 ERG/VEP:ND | BEO: 6/19 CC 1m 20/63 ND | ND | ND | BEO: 6/12 CC 1m20/40 MLN | Yes (fovea spared) | No | No | No |
| 12 (73 m) LE | LE:6/9 Snellen20/30 ERG L abn PrVEP 6.25′ | LE:6/6-2 Snellen20/20 ERG L ↓ PrVEP stable | LE:6/6-2 20/20 Snellen ND | LE: 6/6-20/20 ND | ND | ND | LE: 6/7.6-1 Snellen 20/25 | No | No | No | No |
Blue: VA normal for age.
Green: Snellen equivalent in feet.
Shaded cells indicate deterioration in function (pale grey electrophysiological) and structure.
abn, abnormal; BEO, both eyes open; CC, Cardiff Cards; ERG, electroretinograms; FFA, fundus fluorescein angiography; fVEP, flash VEP; IAM, intra-arterial melphalan; LE, left eye; MLN, manifest latent nystagmus; N, normal; ND, not done; PERG, pattern ERG; PoVEP, pattern onset VEP; PrVEP, pattern reversal VEP; RD, retinal detachment; RE, right eye; VA, visual acuity; VEP, visual evoked potentials.