Baseline characteristics of subjects with early age-related macular degeneration
| Characteristic | Placebo (n=28) | 10 mg lutein (n=26) | 20 mg lutein (n=27) | lutein +zeaxanthin (n=27) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 69.0±7.5 | 69.7±8.3 | 69.3±6.9 | 68.5±6.9 |
| Sex (male/female) | 11/17 | 9/17 | 14/13 | 12/15 |
| Education (years) | 12.2±2.8 | 10.8±2.7 | 12.2±2.9 | 10.5±4.1 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8±3.0 | 24.1±3.4 | 25.1±3.3 | 24.6±3.6 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 27.10±7.61 | 27.86±7.25 | 28.64±5.93 | 27.92±7.19 |
| Serum lipids (mmol/L) | ||||
| Total cholesterol | 5.02±1.76 | 4.98±1.07 | 5.09±0.88 | 5.25±0.95 |
| Triglyceride | 1.57±1.58 | 1.54±0.68 | 1.49±0.82 | 1.78±0.79 |
| HDL-cholesterol | 1.39±0.44 | 1.39±0.32 | 1.41±0.26 | 1.48±0.29 |
| LDL-cholesterol | 3.09±0.61 | 3.19±0.75 | 3.2±0.61 | 3.34±0.61 |
| Smoking (%) | ||||
| Never | 89.3 | 84.6 | 88.9 | 85.2 |
| Former | 3.6 | 11.5 | 7.4 | 3.7 |
| Current | 7.1 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 11.1 |
| Early cataracts (%)* | 21.4 | 23.0 | 18.5 | 29.6 |
There were no significant between-group differences in any baseline demographic or clinical variable.
For continuous variables, all values are mean±SD. Comparisons among groups were carried out using analysis of variance for continuous variables or the χ2 test for categorical variables.
*Cataracts diagnosed and graded according to the Lens Opacities Classification System III.
BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.