Analysis of risk factors for cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis: bivariate and multivariate analyses
| Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis* | |
|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
| Demographics | ||
| Age, per decade | 1.52 (0.96 to 2.39) | 1.70 (1.02 to 2.85) |
| Male | 0.96 (0.32 to 2.87) | 1.43 (0.44 to 4.60) |
| Single | 1.50 (0.50 to 4.48) | |
| Thai | 5.04 (0.29 to 88.3) | |
| Unemployed | 2.60 (0.80 to 8.50) | |
| Access to healthcare | ||
| No caretaker | 0.64 (0.20 to 2.09) | |
| Not on antiretroviral therapy | 0.62 (0.16 to 2.35) | |
| More than 30 min to clinic | 3.52 (1.13 to 11.0) | 3.85 (1.08 to 13.8) |
| Round trip cost, per additional US$ | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.04) | |
| Income, per US $50 less | 1.22 (1.03 to 1.45) | 1.22 (1.02 to 1.47) |
| HIV risk factor exposure† | ||
| Man who has sex with men | 0.54 (0.06 to 4.70) | |
| Sex with sex worker | 0.72 (0.12 to 4.37) | |
| Sex worker | 0.35 (0.02 to 6.29) | |
| Intravenous drug use | 4.58 (1.14 to 18.4) | |
| Past medical history | ||
| History of sexually transmitted infection | 1.16 (0.34 to 3.93) | |
| History of opportunistic infection | 1.64 (0.57 to 4.70) | |
| CD4 count, per 10 fewer cells/μL | ||
| At diagnosis | 1.36 (0.91 to 2.02) | |
| Nadir | 1.56 (0.99 to 2.44) | |
| Most recent | 1.48 (0.98 to 2.23) | 1.42 (1.05 to 1.93) |
*Age- and sex-adjusted multivariate model; constructed by entering terms with p<0.1 from bivariate analyses then performing a backwards stepwise selection algorithm until all variables had a p<0.05.
†Results were similar when regression models were constructed separately for men and women.