Association between nAMD, tAMD and PCV, and vision-related quality of life using multivariable regression models
| Reading | Mobility | Emotional | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β, 95% CI | Per cent change | β, 95% CI | Per cent change | β, 95% CI | Per cent change | |
| Control (reference) | 5.09±0.19 | 4.70±0.15 | 4.90±0.25 | |||
| nAMD | −1.08 (−1.58 to −0.57) | 22.22 | −0.74 (−1.14 to −0.33) | 15.74 | −2.15 (−2.83 to −1.47) | 43.88* |
| Control (reference) | 5.19±0.18 | 4.74±0.12 | 4.74±0.32 | |||
| tAMD† | −1.01 (−1.63 to −0.39) | 19.73 | −0.58 (−1.05 to −0.12) | 12.24 | −1.86 (−2.66 to −1.07) | 37.80‡ |
| Control (reference) | 5.19±0.18 | 4.76±0.14 | 4.69±0.33 | |||
| PCV | −1.14 (−1.69 to −0.59) | 21.97 | −0.85 (−1.30 to −0.39) | 17.86 | −2.31 (−3.06 to −1.56) | 49.25§ |
| Vision impairment | ||||||
| None or mild (<0.5 LogMAR) | 4.67±0.13 | 4.48±0.14 | 4.08±0.24 | |||
| Moderate (≥0.5 LogMAR<1.0) | −1.31 (−2.10 to −0.52) | 28.05¶ | −0.73 (−1.36 to −0.10) | 16.55 | −0.18 (−1.25 to 0.88) | 4.88 |
| Severe (≥1.0 LogMAR) | −1.75 (−2.79 to −0.70) | 37.47 | −1.39 (−2.22 to −0.55) | 31.52 | −0.90 (−2.31 to 0.52) | 24.39 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 40–49 (reference) | 3.50±0.47 | 3.53±0.38 | 2.10±0.63 | |||
| 50–59 | 0.99 (−0.06 to 2.04) | 28.29 | 0.71 (−0.13 to 1.55) | 20.11 | 1.66 (0.26 to 3.07) | 79.05 |
| 60–69 | 1.07 (0.08 to 2.06) | 30.57 | 0.81 (0.02 to 1.59) | 22.95 | 1.31 (−0.12 to 2.62) | 62.38 |
| 70–80 | 1.00 (−0.05 to 2.04) | 28.57 | 0.86 (0.03 to 1.69) | 24.36 | 1.98 (0.58 to 3.38) | 94.29 |
| 80+ | 0.56 (−0.89 to 2.01) | 16.00 | 0.34 (−0.81 to 1.50) | 9.63 | 1.95 (0.01 to 3.89) | 92.86 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male (reference) | 4.34±0.15 | 4.24±0.12 | 3.55±0.20 | |||
| Female | 0.29 (−0.25 to 0.82) | 6.68 | 0.06 (−0.37 to 0.48) | 1.42 | 0.23 (−0.49 to 0.95) | 6.48 |
| Income | ||||||
| <$1000 (reference) | 4.33±0.16 | 4.13±0.12 | 3.40±0.21 | |||
| $1000 to <2000 | 0.54 (−0.11 to 1.19) | 12.47 | 0.63 (−0.12 to 1.13) | 15.25 | 0.70 (−0.14 to 1.55) | 20.59 |
| $2000 to <3000 | 0.02 (−0.96 to 0.99) | 0.46 | −0.39 (−1.15 to 0.37) | 9.44 | 0.52 (−0.76 to 1.79) | 15.29 |
| ≥$3000 | 0.20 (−0.62 to 1.03) | 4.62 | 0.39 (−0.26 to 1.03) | 9.44 | 0.54 (−0.54 to 1.61) | 15.88 |
| Can read | ||||||
| No (reference) | 4.31±0.75 | 5.07±0.09 | 5.60±1.01 | |||
| Yes | 0.15 (−1.40 to 1.70) | 3.48 | −0.85 (−2.08 to 0.39) | 16.77 | −2.09 (−4.18 to 0.01) | 37.32 |
| Can write | ||||||
| No (reference) | 4.08±0.64 | 3.25±0.51 | 2.03±0.86 | |||
| Yes | 0.40 (−0.95 to 1.74) | 9.80 | 1.10 (0.03 to 2.17) | 33.85 | 1.73 (−0.07 to 3.54) | 85.22 |
| Currently driving | ||||||
| No (reference) | 4.32±0.14 | 4.25±0.11 | 3.44±0.19 | |||
| Yes | 0.40 (−0.14 to 0.93) | 9.26 | 0.06 (−0.37 to 0.48) | 1.41 | 0.57 (−0.15 to 1.29) | 16.57 |
| Hypertension | ||||||
| No (reference) | 4.62±0.16 | 4.27±0.13 | 3.67±0.22 | |||
| Yes | −0.34 (−0.80 to 0.12) | 7.36 | −0.01 (−0.38 to 0.36) | 0.23 | −0.08 (−0.70 to 0.54) | 2.18 |
Bold coefficients represent independent variables significantly associated with reading, mobility or emotional scores (p<0.05).
*p Value for the difference in magnitude between β coefficients for emotional and mobility =0.016.
†p Value for the difference in magnitude between β coefficients for tAMD and PCV were 0.769, 0.449 and 0.448 for reading, mobility and emotional, respectively.
‡p Value for the difference in magnitude between β coefficients for emotional and mobility <0.001; and emotional and reading =0.015.
§p Value for the difference in magnitude between β coefficients for emotional and mobility <0.001; and emotional and reading =0.001.
¶p Value for the difference in magnitude between β coefficients for reading and mobility =0.024; and reading and emotional =0.015.
LogMAR, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; nAMD, neovascular age-related macular degeneration; PCV, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy; tAMD, typical AMD.