Hypermetropia (≥+1D) (n=178)
Model 1Model 2Model 3
Emmetropia>−1D to <+1D (n=1005)>−0.75D to <+1D (n=836)>−0.5D to <+1D (n=627)
Relative risk ratioRelative risk ratioRelative risk ratio
UnadjAdjusted95% CIUnadjAdjusted95% CIUnadjAdjusted95% CI
Highest educational attainment
 <O levels111111
 O levels0.940.930.62 to 1.400.870.850.57 to 1.270.810.780.52 to 1.17
 A levels0.890.930.56 to 1.490.860.890.55 to 1.440.900.920.56 to 1.51
 Higher education0.930.930.60 to 1.440.920.910.59 to 1.420.920.880.56 to 1.38
Socioeconomic status
 Manual111111
 Non-manual1.011.010.70 to 1.451.051.060.74 to 1.531.121.130.78 to 1.64
  • All multivariable models adjusted for sex.

  • Embedded Image P<0.001.

  • Embedded Image P<0.05 and >0.001.

  • Embedded Image P>0.05 (not statistically significant).