Event preceding the intractable diplopia (n=53)
| Event | N (%) | |
| Ocular realignment | Strabismus surgery | 17 (32.1) |
| Botulinum toxin to EOMs | 1 (1.9) | |
| Ocular surgery/treatment | Cataract surgery | 3 (5.7) |
| Refractive surgery | 0 (0) | |
| Vitrectomy | 3 (5.7) | |
| Retinal detachment surgery | 1 (1.9) | |
| Bilateral panretinal photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy | 1 (1.9) | |
| Amblyopia treatment | Occlusion | 0 (0) |
| Atropine | 0 (0) | |
| Central nervous system events | Severe head trauma | 4 (7.5) |
| Multiple sclerosis | 1 (1.9) | |
| Subarachnoid haemorrhage secondary to Posterior Communicating Artery aneurysm | 1 (1.9) | |
| Phosphomannoisomerase deficient with seizures and cerebellar ataxia | 1 (1.9) | |
| Ocular disorders | Ocular trauma | 1 (1.9) |
| Corneal ulcer | 1 (1.9) | |
| Optic neuropathy | 1 (1.9) | |
| Prolonged misalignment in thyroid eye disease with loss of fusion | 1 (1.9) | |
| Not known (spontaneous) | 13 (24.5) | |
| Other | Maxillo-facial surgery | 1 (1.9) |
| Sinus surgery and damage to EOMs | 1 (1.9) | |
| Neck injury | 1 (1.9) | |
Details of those conditions where further questions were asked are given below.
EOMs, extraocular muscles.