Table 3B

Multiple regression analysis of factors associated with changes in spherical equivalent stratified by puberty development groups

Variables	Total		PND		ND		BD
Variables	P value	Standardised β (95%CI)	P value	Standardised β (95%CI)	P value	Standardised β (95%CI)	P value	Standardised β (95%CI)
Gender, girls versus boys	0.417	−0.080 (−0.335 to 0.140)	0.828	0.024 (−0.344 to 0.428)	0.964	0.011 (−0.612 to 0.640)	0.433	0.503 (−0.836 to 1.863)
Baseline age (years)	0.533	0.058 (−0.085 to 0.163)	0.283	0.118 (−0.080 to 0.270)	0.394	0.168 (−0.147 to 0.365)	0.985	0.004 (−0.457 to 0.465)
Parental myopia	<0.001	−0.267 (−0.329 to −0.101)	0.003	−0.296 (−0.429 to −0.096)	0.195	−0.212 (−0.394 to 0.083)	0.673	−0.105 (−0.469 to 0.310)
Outdoor time (hours)	0.001	0.256 (0.052 to 0.192)	0.038	0.232 (0.007 to 0.239)	0.118	0.247 (−0.028 to 0.233)	0.184	0.320 (−0.094 to 0.455)
Estradiol (pg/mL)	0.28	−0.085 (−0.152 to 0.044)	0.502	−0.071 (−0.194 to 0.096)	0.835	0.039 (−0.224 to 0.276)	0.816	−0.057 (−0.313 to 0.250)
Testosterone (pg/mL)	0.166	−0.129 (−0.008 to 0.001)	0.036	−0.237 (−0.015 to −0.001)	0.362	0.193 (−0.008 to 0.022)	0.787	0.078 (−0.011 to 0.014)
Changes in estradiol (pg/mL)	<0.001	−0.297 (−0.104 to −0.032)	0.001	−0.375 (−0.155 to −0.040)	0.391	−0.155 (−0.116 to 0.047)	0.42	−0.176 (−0.112 to 0.049)
Changes in testosterone (pg/mL)	0.548	−0.050 (−0.004 to 0.002)	0.149	−0.150 (−0.008 to 0.001)	0.598	0.126 (−0.006 to 0.011)	0.464	0.207 (−0.006 to 0.012)
Height (cm)	0.493	0.070 (−0.010 to 0.020)	0.206	0.135 (−0.007 to 0.033)	0.256	−0.244 (−0.057 to 0.016)	0.166	0.531 (−0.016 to 0.086)
Changes in height (cm)	0.066	−0.190 (−0.050 to 0.002)	0.555	−0.071 (−0.052 to 0.028)	0.788	−0.056 (−0.071 to 0.054)	0.629	−0.214 (−0.130 to 0.081)

R² for total: 0.343; R² for PND: 0.585; R² for ND: 0.223; R² for BD: 0.374.
BD, baseline developed; ND, newly developed in two yrs; PND, persistent non-developed.