Table 4

Performance in the testing set

IndexMethodsHaigisHoffer QHolladay1SRK/T
1Original0.373±0.3280.408±0.3370.384±0.3410.394±0.351
2Formula LR0.373±0.328 (0.0%)0.374±0.321 (8.3%)0.388±0.342 (−1.1%)0.391±0.345 (0.8%)
3ML LR0.391±0.346 (−4.8%)0.454±0.375 (-21.4%)0.434±0.364 (−13.0%)0.397±0.344 (−1.5%)
4Formula & ML LR0.356±0.329 (9.0%)0.352±0.319 (22.5%)0.371±0.336 (3.4%)0.361±0.331 (9.1%)
  • The MAE ±SD and the percentage reduction in MAE compared with ‘Original’ for alternative linear models in the testing set. All MAE and SD were rounded to three decimal places. The percentage reduction was calculated as Embedded Image. All percentage reduction values were rounded to one decimal place. The method with the smallest MAE among four alternative methods is marked in bold for each formula.