Table 2

The model’s performance on the three test sets

	Intern test set			External test set A			External test set B
	Sensitivity	Specificity	AUC	Sensitivity	Specificity	AUC	Sensitivity	Specificity	AUC
Normal fundus	0.945 (0.938, 0.953)	0.967 (0.961, 0.973)	0.989 (0.985, 0.992)	0.951 (0.945, 0.958)	0.787 (0.774, 0.800)	0.956 (0.950, 0.963)	0.862 (0.855, 0.868)	0.895 (0.889, 0.901)	0.955 (0.951, 0.959)
Referable diabetic retinopathy	0.804 (0.791, 0.816)	0.897 (0.888, 0.907)	0.950 (0.942, 0.957)	0.990 (0.986, 0.993)	0.810 (0.797, 0.823)	0.965 (0.960, 0.971)	0.923 (0.918, 0.928)	0.881 (0.874, 0.887)	0.986 (0.984, 0.988)
Retinal vein occlusion	0.964 (0.958, 0.970)	0.969 (0.963, 0.974)	0.994 (0.992, 0.997)	0.963 (0.957, 0.969)	0.960 (0.953, 0.966)	0.992 (0.990, 0.995)	1.000 (1.000, 1.000)	0.986 (0.983, 0.988)	0.999 (0.998, 0.999)
Pathological myopic retinal degeneration	0.958 (0.952, 0.965)	0.971 (0.965, 0.976)	0.988 (0.984, 0.991)	0.952 (0.945, 0.959)	0.990 (0.986, 0.993)	0.992 (0.989, 0.995)	0.991 (0.989, 0.993)	0.938 (0.934, 0.943)	0.989 (0.988, 0.991)
Retinitis pigmentosa	0.962 (0.955, 0.968)	0.978 (0.973, 0.983)	0.996 (0.994, 0.998)	1.000 (1.000, 1.000)	0.988 (0.985, 0.992)	1.000 (0.999, 1.000)	0.895 (0.889, 0.901)	0.977 (0.974, 0.980)	0.996 (0.995, 0.998)
Retinal detachment	0.973 (0.967, 0.978)	0.981 (0.977, 0.986)	0.996 (0.993, 0.998)	0.800 (0.787, 0.813)	0.981 (0.977, 0.986)	0.992 (0.990, 0.995)	0.786 (0.778, 0.794)	0.987 (0.985, 0.990)	0.992 (0.990, 0.993)
Epiretinal membrane	0.918 (0.909, 0.927)	0.923 (0.915, 0.932)	0.968 (0.963, 0.974)	0.694 (0.679, 0.709)	0.975 (0.970, 0.980)	0.938 (0.931, 0.946)	0.745 (0.737, 0.754)	0.889 (0.883, 0.895)	0.934 (0.929, 0.938)
Dry age-related macular degeneration	0.858 (0.846, 0.869)	0.939 (0.931, 0.947)	0.976 (0.971, 0.981)	0.895 (0.885, 0.905)	0.940 (0.932, 0.947)	0.973 (0.967, 0.978)	0.718 (0.709, 0.727)	0.941 (0.937, 0.946)	0.968 (0.964, 0.971)
Wet age-related macular degeneration	0.842 (0.831, 0.854)	0.953 (0.946, 0.960)	0.964 (0.958, 0.970)	0.925 (0.917, 0.934)	0.894 (0.884, 0.904)	0.974 (0.969, 0.979)	0.920 (0.915, 0.925)	0.971 (0.968, 0.975)	0.988 (0.986, 0.990)
Macular hole	0.876 (0.865, 0.887)	0.963 (0.957, 0.970)	0.978 (0.973, 0.983)	1.000 (1.000, 1.000)	0.978 (0.974, 0.983)	1.000 (1.000, 1.000)	1.000 (1.000, 1.000)	0.966 (0.962, 0.969)	1.000 (0.999, 1.000)
Possible GON	0.804 (0.791, 0.817)	0.934 (0.925, 0.942)	0.953 (0.946, 0.960)	0.646 (0.630, 0.661)	0.938 (0.930, 0.946)	0.931 (0.923, 0.939)	0.797 (0.790, 0.805)	0.930 (0.925, 0.935)	0.946 (0.942, 0.950)
Papilledema	0.904 (0.894, 0.913)	0.950 (0.943, 0.957)	0.980 (0.975, 0.985)	0.756 (0.742, 0.770)	0.990 (0.986, 0.993)	0.991 (0.989, 0.994)	0.756 (0.748, 0.764)	0.975 (0.972, 0.978)	0.990 (0.988, 0.992)
Optic nerve atrophy	0.950 (0.943, 0.958)	0.946 (0.938, 0.953)	0.989 (0.985, 0.992)	0.826 (0.814, 0.838)	0.996 (0.994, 0.998)	0.996 (0.994, 0.998)	0.680 (0.671, 0.689)	0.952 (0.947, 0.956)	0.955 (0.951, 0.959)

The results are presented with: percentage (95%CI).
AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; GON, glaucomatous optic neuropathy.