Top eight medications and/or drug categories by percentage of no effect, improvement and worsening, with respective ratios (number of reported improvements/total times used)
| Total times used (n) | No effect (%) | Improvement (%; ratio) | Worsening (%; ratio) | |
| Drug category by no effect (%) | ||||
| Antibiotics/antifungals | 141 | 87% | ||
| Paracetamol/acetaminophen | 21 | 86% | ||
| Vitamins/nutraceuticals | 168 | 80% | ||
| NSAIDs | 44 | 77% | ||
| Beta-blockers | 48 | 69% | ||
| Triptans | 30 | 67% | ||
| Steroids | 45 | 64% | ||
| SSRIs | 139 | 62% | ||
| Drug category by improvement (%) | ||||
| Benzodiazepines/hypnotics | 124 | 51% | 31%; 0.3 | |
| Triptans | 30 | 67% | 23%; 0.2 | |
| Lamotrigine | 34 | 44% | 21%; 0.2 | |
| Tricyclic antidepressants | 61 | 57% | 20%; 0.2 | |
| Gabapentin | 31 | 61% | 19%; 0.2 | |
| Beta-blockers | 48 | 69% | 19%; 0.2 | |
| Topiramate | 40 | 55% | 18%; 0.2 | |
| Vitamins/nutraceuticals | 168 | 80% | 15%; 0.2 | |
| Drug category by worsening (%) | ||||
| Recreational drugs and alcohol | 198 | 57% | 39%; 0.4 | |
| ADHD medication | 26 | 46% | 38%; 0.4 | |
| Atypical antidepressants | 27 | 48% | 37%; 0.4 | |
| Lamotrigine | 34 | 44% | 35%; 0.4 | |
| Topiramate | 40 | 55% | 28%; 0.3 | |
| SSRIs | 139 | 62% | 24%; 0.3 | |
| Steroids | 45 | 64% | 24%; 0.2 | |
| Tricyclic antidepressants | 61 | 57% | 23%; 0.2 |
Only values for drugs having been used a minimum of n=20 times are displayed.
ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SSRIs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.