Table 1

ARAS performance for detecting normal fundus and retinal abnormalities

	Accuracy	Sensitivity	Specificity	Positive predictive value	Negative predictive value
Normal fundus	0.76 (0.74, 0.77)	0.57 (0.55, 0.59)	0.99 (0.98, 0.99)	0.99 (0.98, 0.99)	0.65 (0.63, 0.67)
Referable diabetic retinopathy	0.93 (0.92, 0.94)	0.87 (0.82, 0.91)	0.93 (0.92, 0.94)	0.51 (0.46, 0.56)	0.99 (0.98, 0.99)
Referable hypertensive retinopathy	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.75 (0.19, 0.99)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.33 (0.07, 0.70)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Glaucomatous optic neuropathy	0.93 (0.92, 0.94)	0.95 (0.93, 0.97)	0.92 (0.91, 0.93)	0.65 (0.62, 0.69)	0.99 (0.99, 1.00)
Pathological myopia	0.93 (0.92, 0.93)	0.85 (0.81, 0.87)	0.94 (0.93, 0.95)	0.74 (0.70, 0.77)	0.97 (0.96, 0.97)
Retinal vein occlusion	0.99 (0.99, 1.00)	0.79 (0.67, 0.89)	1.00 (0.99, 1.00)	0.82 (0.70, 0.91)	1.00 (0.99, 1.00)
Retinal detachment	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.00 (0.00, 0.71)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	/	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Macular holes	1.00 (0.99, 1.00)	0.75 (0.35, 0.97)	1.00 (0.99, 1.00)	0.38 (0.15, 0.65)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Macular oedema	0.97 (0.96, 0.97)	0.92 (0.88, 0.96)	0.97 (0.96, 0.97)	0.62 (0.56, 0.67)	1.00 (0.99, 1.00)
Central serous chorioretinopathy	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	1.00 (0.03, 1.00)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.14 (0.00, 0.58)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Epiretinal membranes	0.94 (0.93, 0.95)	0.96 (0.92, 0.99)	0.94 (0.93, 0.95)	0.41 (0.36, 0.47)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Retinitis pigmentosa	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.91 (0.59, 1.00)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.56 (0.31, 0.78)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Retinal drusen	0.93 (0.92, 0.94)	0.71 (0.64, 0.78)	0.94 (0.93, 0.95)	0.38 (0.32, 0.43)	0.98 (0.98, 0.99)
Macular neovascularisation	0.98 (0.98, 0.99)	0.62 (0.38, 0.82)	0.99 (0.98, 0.99)	0.21 (0.12, 0.33)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Geographic atrophy	1.00 (0.99, 1.00)	0.20 (0.03, 0.56)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.40 (0.05, 0.85)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

ARAS, airdoc retinal artificial intelligence system.