Cox proportional hazards models for incident CSD by hyperopia PRS status
| Hyperopia PRS | Incident CSD | |||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Overall participants | ||||
| Continue variable | 0.99 (0.89 to 1.09) | 0.810 | 0.96 (0.85 to 1.07) | 0.446 |
| Category variable | ||||
| Low risk | 1 (Reference) | – | 1 (Reference) | – |
| Medium risk | 1.10 (0.90 to 1.35) | 0.364 | 1.06 (0.84 to 1.34) | 0.623 |
| High risk | 0.98 (0.79 to 1.21) | 0.837 | 0.91 (0.72 to 1.16) | 0.458 |
| In hyperopia participants | ||||
| Continue variable | 1.02 (0.63 to 1.66) | 0.939 | 0.86 (0.49 to 1.51) | 0.597 |
| Category variable | ||||
| Low risk | 1 (Reference) | – | 1 (Reference) | – |
| Medium risk | 1.08 (0.76 to 1.53) | 0.668 | 1.07 (0.84 to 1.34) | 0.744 |
| High risk | 1.02 (0.73 to 1.45) | 0.837 | 0.95 (0.64 to 1.42) | 0.818 |
| In emmetropia participants | ||||
| Continue variable | 0.95 (0.65 to 1.38) | 0.779 | 0.86 (0.56 to 1.32) | 0.492 |
| Category variable | ||||
| Low risk | 1 (Reference) | – | 1 (Reference) | – |
| Medium risk | 1.10 (0.85 to 1.42) | 0.478 | 1.04 (0.78 to 1.39) | 0.777 |
| High risk | 0.92 (0.71 to 1.20) | 0.539 | 0.87 (0.64 to 1.18) | 0.362 |
We defined the hyperopia PRS in thirds: ‘low risk’ (lowest third of hyperopia PRS), ‘medium risk’ (second third), ‘high risk’ (highest third). Model 1 was adjusted for age and gender. Model 2 additionally adjusted for risk factors shared between hyperopia and depression, including ethnicity, smoking status, education level, Townsend index, family history of severe depression, physical activity level, visual impairment and comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia).
CSD, clinically significant depression; PRS, Polygenic Risk Score.