Skip to main content
Log in

Diabetic retinopathy in a population of 1,302 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) diagnosed before 30 years of age

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
International Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The authors analyse the data resulting from the first ophthalmological observation of 1,302 insulin dependent diabetics whose age at diagnosis is less than 30 years and who have been observed regularly by the Portuguese Diabetic Association. The prevalence of retinopathy is 41,6%; 34.3% is non-proliferative and 7.3% is proliferative. Retinopathy is more frequent in males (P<0.001). The prevalence of retinopathy increases with the duration of diabetes and it is equal to or greater than 80% in people who have had diabetes for 10 years or more. ‘Poor’ glucose control, the coexistence of other late complications and arterial hypertension increase the risk of retinopathy (P<0.001).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE. A population-based study of diabetic retinopathy in insulin — using patients diagnosed before 30 years of age. Diabetes Care 1985; 8 Suppl 1: 71–6.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kohner EM, Barry JP. Prevention of blindness in diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia 1984; 26: 173–9.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Pirart J. Diabète et complications dégénératives. Présentation d'une étude prospective portant sur 4400 cas observés entre 1947 et 1873. Diabéte et Métabolisme. 1977, 3, Première partie: 97–107, Deuxième partie: 173–82, Troisième partie: 245–56.

  4. Constable IJ, Knuiman MV, Welborn TA, Cooper RL, Stanton KM, McCann VJ, Grose GC. Assessing the risk of diabetic retinopathy. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 1984; 97: 53–61.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL. The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy: II prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnoses in less than 30 years. Arch. Ophthalmo. 1984; 102: 520–6.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Frank RN, Hoffman WH, Podgor MJ, Joondeph HC, Lewis RA, Margherio RR, Nachazel DP, Weiss HJR, Christopherson KW, Cronin MA. Retinopathy in juvenile-onset type I diabetes of short duration. Diabetes 1982; 31:874–82.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Weber B, Burger W, Hartmann R, Hövener G, Malchus R, Oberdisse V. Risk factors for the development of retinopathy in children and adolescents with type I (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1986; 29: 23–9.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Palmberg P, Smith M, Waltman S, Krupin T, Singer P, Burgess D, Wendtlant T, Achtenberg J, Cryer P, Santiago J, White N, Kilo C, Daughaday W. The natural history of retinopathy in insulin dependent juvenile-onset diabetes. Ophthalmology 1981; 88: 613–8.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Knowles HC Jr, Guest GM, Lampe J, Kessler M, Skillman TG. The course of juvenile diabetes treated with unmeasured diet. Diabetes 1965; 14: 239–73.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL. Retinopathy in young-onset diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 1985; 8: 311–5.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Vendrell E, Lopes L, Esperancinha FE, Albuquerque JP, Pinheiro J. Estudo estatistico da diabetes ocular na consulta externa de oftalmologia do H.S. José — Biénio 1978–79. Revista da S.P.O. 1982; 8(1): 33–8.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Cunha-Vaz JG, Faria de Abreu J, Fonseca J, Travassos A, Fernandes A. A retinopatia diabética: conceitos actuals. Exp Ophthalmol 1982; 8(1): 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Medina JL, Castro-Correia J, Brandão A, Araújo J, Borges J, Rosas V, Coutinho MF, Guerra MF, Cruz MA, Brandão F, Barbosa R, Assunção M, Maia J, Hargreaves MP, Gomes MC. Retinopatia diabética. Classificação, prevalēncia e correlação com as lesōes do sistema nervoso periférico e autónome e com alguns factores de risco. (Resultados Preliminares.) Revista da S.P.O. 1986; 12(1,2): 27–46.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Pinto Figueiredo L, Carreiras F, Vinagre MM, Genro V, Laires R. Prevalēncia da Retinopatia numa população de diabéticos. Revista da S.P.O. 1985; 11(1): 15–9.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Genro V, Laires R, Vinagre MM, Carreiras F, Gonçalves AM, Pinto Figueiredo L. Análise de 1,082 diabéticos observados consecutivamente no Departamento de Prevenção e Controlo da Retinopatia Diabética na Associação Protectora dos Diabéticos de Portugal. Revista da S.P.O. 1987; 13(3): 37–44.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Vairinhos C, Cunha L, Pinto MF. Consulta de Diabetes ocular do Hospital Distrital de Setúbal — Análise dos primeiros 100 casos. Revista da S.P.O. 1986; 12(1,2): 47–55.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Klein R, Moss SE, Klein BEK. New management concepts for timely diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy treatable by photocoagulation. Diabetes Care 1987; 10(5): 633–8.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Diabetic retinopathy study group: photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Clinical application of diabetic retinopathy study (DRS) findings. Ophthalmology 1981; 88: 583–600.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study research group: photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. Arch Ophthalmol 1985; 103: 1796–806.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kohner EM, McLeod D, Marshall J. Diabetic eye disease. In: Keen J, Jarrett, editors. Complications of Diabetes. 2nd ed. London: Arnold, 1982: 19–108.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Gonçalves AM, Governo J, Gardete Correia L, Nolasco MH. Data processing in a diabetic clinic. Twentieth annual meeting of the EASD. Abstracts diabetologia 1984; 27: 280A.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bodansky HJ, Cudworth AG, Whitelocke RAF, Dobree JH. Diabetic retinopathy and its relation to type of diabetes: review of a retinal clinical population. British J of Ophthalmology 1982; 66: 496–9.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Chase HP, Jackson WE, Hoops SL, Cockerham RS, Archer PG, O'Brein D. Glucose control and the renal and retinal complications of insulin-dependent diabetes. JAMA 1989; 261: 1155–60.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Klein R, Klein BEF, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL. Glycosylated hemoglobin predicts the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. JAMA 1988; 260: 2864–71.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Silva Graça A, Carreiras F, Vinagre MM, Genro V, Laires R, Moita J, Pinto Figueiredo L. Retinopatia diabética e microalbuminúria. Estudo correlativo em 220 diabéticos insulinodependentes. Revista da SPO 1988; 14(3): 75–83.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Silva Graça A, Delaunay ML, Carreiras F, Vinagre MM, Genro V, Laires R, Moita J, Rosa MJ, Cardoso C, Pinto Figueiredo L. Reserva insulínica pancreática e retino-patia diabética. Revista da SPO 1990; 16(1): 109–12.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Carreiras F, Lino da Silva. Hipertensão arterial e Diabetes. Experiência da Associaçao Protectora dos Diabéticos de Portugal. Arquivos de Medicina, 1989; 3 Supl 1.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pinto-Figueiredo, L., Moita, J., Genro, V. et al. Diabetic retinopathy in a population of 1,302 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) diagnosed before 30 years of age. Int Ophthalmol 16, 429–437 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00918433

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00918433

Key words

Navigation