Skip to main content
Log in

Characterization of glycoprotein C-negative mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 isolated from a patient with keratitis

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
Archives of Virology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Recently three strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), which did not react with MicroTrak Herpes (Syva Co.), were isolated by us from a patient with recurrent herpetic keratitis. In this study we characterized these strains of HSV-1 and found them to be HSV-1 gC mutants which are very rare isolates from humans. The properties of the HSV-1 strains regarding plaque morphology on Vero cells and chick embryo fibroblasts and viral DNA analysis were the same as those of the usual HSV-1 strains. An immunofluorescence study using anti-gC-1 monoclonal antibody and SDS-PAGE analysis of radiolabeled viral glycoproteins showed that these strains are deficient in gC-1. They were virulent for mice and sensitive to acyclovir and bromovinyldeoxyuridine. Furthermore the infectivity of the strains was inactivated by complement though the phenomenon was not observed in the usual HSV-1 strains. This finding suggests that protection from damages by complement is an important function of gC. In keratitis the effects of complement are thought to be minimal because of the scanty blood supply and this may be the reason why these strains were isolated from the cornea.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Buckmaster EA, Gompels U, Minson A (1984) Characterisation and physical mapping of HSV-1 glycoprotein of approximately 115×103 molecular weight. Virology 139: 408–413

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cines DB, Lyss AP, Bina M (1982) Fc and C3 receptors induced by herpes simplex virus on cultured human endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 69: 123–128

    Google Scholar 

  3. Denniston KJ, Madden MJ, Enquist LW, Vande Woude G (1981) Characterization of coliphage lambda hybrids carrying DNA fragment from herpes simplex type 1 defective interfering particles. Gene 15: 365–378

    Google Scholar 

  4. Friedman HM, Cohen GH, Eisenberg RJ, Seidel CA, Cines DB (1984) Glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus 1 acts as a receptor for the C3b complement component on infected cells. Nature 309: 633–635

    Google Scholar 

  5. Friedman HM, Glorioso JC, Cohen GH, Hastings JC, Harris SL, Eisenberg RJ (1986) Binding of complement component C3b to glycoprotein gC of herpes simplex virus type 1: mapping of gC-binding sites and demonstration of conserved C3b binding in low passage clinical isolates. J Virol 60: 470–475

    Google Scholar 

  6. Fries LF, Friedman HM, Cohen GH, Eisenberg RJ, Hammer CH, Frank MM (1986) Glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus 1 is an inhibitor of the complement cascade. J Immunol 137: 1636–1641

    Google Scholar 

  7. Frink RJ, Eisenberg R, Cohen G, Wagner EK (1983) Detailed analysis of the portion of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome encoding glycoprotein C. J Virol 45: 634–647

    Google Scholar 

  8. Goldstein LC, Corey L, McDougall JK, Tolentino E, Nowinski RC (1983) Monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex viruses: use in antigenic typing and rapid diagnosis. J Infect Dis 147: 829–837

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hoggan MD, Roizman B (1959) The isolation and properties of a variant of herpes simplex producing multinucleated giant cells in monolayer cultures in the presence of antibody. Am J Hyg 70: 208–219

    Google Scholar 

  10. Holland TC, Homa FL, Marlin SD, Levine M, Glorioso J (1984) Herpes simplex virus 1 glycoprotein C-negative mutants exhibit multiple phenotypes, including secretion of truncated glycoproteins. J Virol 52: 566–574

    Google Scholar 

  11. Johnson DC, McDermott MR, Chrisp C, Glorioso JC (1986) Pathogenicity in mice of herpes simplex virus type 2 mutants unable to express glycoprotein C. J Virol 58: 36–42

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kumano Y, Yamamoto M, Mori R (1987) Protection against herpes simplex virus infection in mice by recombinant murine interferon-β in combination with antibody. Antiviral Res 7: 289–301

    Google Scholar 

  13. Lee GT-Y, Pogue-Geile KL, Pereira L, Spear PG (1982) Expression of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein C from a DNA fragment inserted into the thymidine kinase gene of this virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 6612–6616

    Google Scholar 

  14. Little SP, Schaffer PA (1981) Expression of the syncytial (syn) phenotype in HSV-1, strain KOS: genetic and phenotypic studies of mutants in twosyn loci. Virology 112: 686–702

    Google Scholar 

  15. Longnecker R, Chatterjee S, Whitley RJ, Roizman B (1987) Identification of a herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein gene within a gene cluster dispensable for growth in cell culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 4303–4307

    Google Scholar 

  16. Manservigi R, Spear PG, Buchan A (1977) Cell fusion induced by herpes simplex virus is promoted and suppressed by different viral glycoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 3913–3917

    Google Scholar 

  17. McNearney TA, Odell C, Holers VM, Spear PG, Atkinson JP (1987) Herpes simplex virus glycoproteins gC-1 and gC-2 bind to the third component of complement and provide protection against complement-mediated neutralization of viral infectivity. J Exp Med 166: 1525–1535

    Google Scholar 

  18. Nowinski RC, Tam MR, Goldstein LC, Stong L, Kuo CC, Corey L, Stamm WE, Handsfield HH, Knapp JS, Holmes KK (1983) Monoclonal antibodies for diagnosis of infectious diseases in humans. Science 219: 637–644

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pereira L, Dondero DV, Gallo D, Devlin V, Woodie JD (1982) Serological analysis of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with monoclonal antibodies. Infect Immun 35: 363–367

    Google Scholar 

  20. Pogue-Geile KL, Lee GT-Y, Shapira SK, Spear PG (1984) Fine mapping of mutations in the fusion-inducing MP strain of herpes simplex virus type 1. Virology 136: 100–109

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ruyechan WT, Morse LS, Knipe DM, Roizman B (1979) Molecular genetics of herpes simplex virus. II. Mapping of the major viral glycoproteins and the genetic loci specifying the social behavior of infected cells. J Virol 29: 677–697

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sakuma S, Yamamoto M, Kumano Y, Mori R (1988) An acyclovir-resistant strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 which is highly virulent for mice. Arch Virol 101: 169–182

    Google Scholar 

  23. Seidel-Dugan C, Leon MP, Friedman HM, Fries LF, Frank MM, Cohen GH, Eisenberg RJ (1988) C3b receptor activity on transfected cells expressing glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. J Virol 62: 4027–4036

    Google Scholar 

  24. Spear PG (1976) Membrane proteins specified by herpes simplex viruses I. Identification of four glycoprotein precursors and their products in type 1-infected cells. J Virol 17: 991–1008

    Google Scholar 

  25. Spear PG (1985) Glycoproteins specified by herpes simplex viruses. In: Roizman B (ed) The hepesviruses, vol 3. Plenum, New York, pp 315–356

    Google Scholar 

  26. Tang JL, Yamamoto M, Sakuma S, Mori R, Nagayama A (1988) Persistent infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 in an Ia antigen-positive murine macrophage cell line. Microbiol Immunol 32: 363–374

    Google Scholar 

  27. Tasaki T, Mori R, Minamishima Y, Oda H (1975) Rezidivierende neonatale herpetische Infektion: Isolierung des Herpes-simplex-Virus Type 2. Z Hautkr 50: 69–71

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hidaka, Y., Sakuma, S., Kumano, Y. et al. Characterization of glycoprotein C-negative mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 isolated from a patient with keratitis. Archives of Virology 113, 195–207 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01316673

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01316673

Keywords

Navigation