Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistance among methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus isolates from keratitis and conjunctivitis☆
Section snippets
Design
A retrospective, cross-sectional study to evaluate resistance to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin) among methicillin-sensitive SA isolates.
Methods
The Microbiology Laboratory Database was searched to identify SA isolates recovered from bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis during the 12-year period 1990 to 2001. Corneal and conjunctival cultures were performed in all cases according to standard microbiologic protocols.21 Specimens for culture were obtained by scraping with a blade or spatula. The following media were inoculated: blood agar, chocolate agar, Sabouraud agar, and thioglycollate broth. The criteria used to consider a culture
Results
During the twelve-year study period from 1990 through 2001, 1230 cultures positive for SA from keratitis and conjunctivitis were identified. Staphylococcus aureus isolates constituted 62% (500/806) of the total corneal pathogens for the first 5 years of the study (1990–1994). In the last 2 years (2000–2001), the rate was 65% (181/276). The number of SA isolates seen each year was similar, ranging from 80 to 120 isolates, (103 ± 11.5 isolates). The percentage of MSSA seen each year declined
Discussion
Methicillin-sensitive isolates account for the majority of SA ocular infections. At least 80% of MSSA in this study period remained susceptible to the quinolones. The decline in susceptibility to the quinolones is of concern because it narrows treatment choices for the management of these common and often debilitating ocular infections.
Although we have witnessed a significant increase in the resistance to the fluoroquinolones, Tuft and Matheson from London reported in 2000 that ofloxacin was
Supplementary files
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