Original articleMicrobiology of Pediatric Orbital Cellulitis
Section snippets
Methods
The medical records of all patients age 18 years and younger who presented to the Texas Children’s Hospital in Houston, Texas, for orbital cellulitis between December 1, 2001 and September 30, 2005 were reviewed. In an effort to identify all cases of orbital cellulitis during this period, patients were identified from the hospital database using International Classification of Disease codes corresponding to periorbital cellulitis (373.13), acute sinusitis (461.8), acute orbital inflammation
Results
Thirty-eight cases of pediatric orbital cellulitis were identified and included for analysis. The average age of all patients was 6.8 years and ranged from one week to 16 years. Fifteen cases required only medical management, whereas 23 patients received a combination of medial and surgical intervention to resolve the infection. Three of the 23 patients had multiple surgical procedures performed such as concurrent orbitotomy, craniotomy, or sinusotomy, or repeat sinusotomy. Of the procedures
Discussion
Before the introduction of the HiB vaccine in 1985, H. influenzae was the most common pathogen isolated in patients with orbital cellulitis.9, 12 This organism was extremely virulent and bacteremia and meningitis occurred frequently in pediatric patients with H. influenzae orbital cellulitis.9, 10, 13 For this reason, aggressive systemic evaluation for bacteremia and meningitis was always recommended in patients with orbital cellulitis.10, 14 Studies after the introduction of the HiB vaccine
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