Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Marshall Parks LectureAmblyopia Treatment Outcomes
Section snippets
Methods
The charts of 1541 patients seen at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Pediatric Ophthalmology clinic between the years 1970 and 2000 with the diagnosis of amblyopia were retrospectively reviewed. IRB review in compliance with HIPAA regulations was obtained. The reasons for exclusion from the study are listed in Table 1. Patients described as “too old” were those whose parents determined that visual demands precluded compliance.
All patients included in this study had amblyopia caused
Results
Six hundred patients met the inclusion criteria. Four hundred thirty-nine had strabismic (S), 56 anisometropic (A), and 105 combination (C) amblyopia. Descriptions of the types of strabismus and anisometropia are listed in Table 2.
The type of visual acuity test used to determine amblyopia at the onset of treatment and to determine best visual acuity is listed in Table 3. At the initiation of FTO, 317 patients had measurable visual acuity as shown in Figure 1.
The age treatment was started,
Discussion
The study by Flynn and coworkers3 retrospectively reviewed 23 studies in the literature from 1965 to 1994, reporting outcomes of amblyopia occlusion treatment in a total of 961 patients. Various methods of occlusion were used and vision of 20/40 or greater was found in 74.3% of patients, 50% 20/30 or better, and 16% 20/20 or better. In contrast, the current study found 97% achieved 20/40 or better following full-time occlusion, 96% 20/30 or better, and 50% 20/20 or better.
The ATS14 enrolled
References (6)
- et al.
Risk, causes, and outcomes of visual impairment after loss of vision in the non-amblyopic eyea population-based study
Lancet
(2002) - et al.
The minimum occlusion trial for the treatment of amblyopia
Ophthalmology
(2002) - et al.
Preschool vision screening
Health Technology Assessment
(1997)
Cited by (34)
The effect of asymmetrical accommodation on anisometropic amblyopia treatment outcomes
2019, Journal of AAPOSCitation Excerpt :A greater degree of anisometropia and possibly a poorer initial visual acuity were also associated with a relatively poor visual outcome. The anisometropic amblyopia treatment success rate of 58% falls within the range of 47%–95% cited in previous literature.9-14 Similar to previous studies,15,16 in 31% of subjects, amblyopia was resolved through refractive treatment alone.
Part-time versus full-time occlusion therapy for treatment of amblyopia: A meta-analysis
2017, Journal of Current OphthalmologyCitation Excerpt :Occlusion amblyopia, or the development of amblyopia in the originally better-seeing, patched eye, is a risk commonly cited by opponents of FTO. Although the incidence of occlusion amblyopia in children treated with FTO is admittedly significant (19.3%,16 25.8%,14), it is almost always reversible.12 Furthermore, after cessation of treatment, the final interocular difference in visual acuity was actually less in children with a history of occlusion amblyopia, suggesting that occlusion amblyopia can herald a better visual potential in the initially amblyopic eye.14,16
Visual acuity deficits in the fellow eyes of children with unilateral amblyopia
2012, Journal of AAPOSThe importance of visual function in the quality of life of children with uveitis
2010, Journal of AAPOSRandomized Evaluation of Spectacles Plus Alternate-Day Occlusion to Treat Amblyopia
2010, OphthalmologyCitation Excerpt :Thirty-nine percent of children in the daily patching group and 45% of children in the alternate-patching group had anisometropia of ≥4 D. Other studies have reported successful amblyopia treatment in 19% to 96% of patients,15,29–31 the wide range is probably due to differences in defining treatment outcomes, patient selection, treatment modalities, and follow-up periods. Studies by the PEDIG reported a mean of 2.4 lines of improvement from baseline to 4 months and a mean VA of 0.24 logMAR at 4 months in both groups in children with moderate amblyopia treated with 2 versus 6 hours of daily patching.10
Optimal compliance for amblyopia therapy: Occlusion with a translucent tape on the lens
2009, Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology