Psychometric properties of the National Eye Institute–Refractive Error Quality of Life instrument☆
Section snippets
Subject recruitment and eligibility
Subjects for this study were recruited between June 1999 and October 2000 from advertisements and the ophthalmology practices of 6 medical centers (University of Alabama at Birmingham; University of California, San Francisco; Henry Ford Health System, Detroit; The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas; Naval Medical Center, San Diego; and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland) using clinical records and advertisements. All appropriate institutional review boards
Sample characteristics
Of the 1161 persons who agreed to be evaluated for eligibility and were eligible (226 from University of Alabama at Birmingham, 203 from University of California, San Francisco; 226 from Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, 262 from University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; 21 from Naval Medical Center, San Diego; and 223 from Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland), 7 refused to participate.
The 1154 study participants included 114 emmetropes, 375 hyperopes, and 665 myopes. The
Discussion
There are multiple criteria by which the success of correcting refractive error can be indexed. The most commonly cited metric in the clinical literature is Snellen visual acuity. In addition, the magnitude of residual refractive error is used as a measure of efficacy and precision of the correction technique. The use of this information alone, however, fails to distinguish accurately those patients with successful outcomes from those who have limitations in day-to-day functioning and
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the members of the NEI-RQL Technical Advisory Group (Richard L. Abbott, MD, University of California, San Francisco; Anthony J. Adams, OD, PhD, University of California, Berkeley; Anita Stewart, PhD, University of California, San Francisco; Robert D. Sperduto, MD, NEI; A. Ralph Rosenthal, MD, Food and Drug Administration; Sally Shumaker, PhD, Bowman Gray) for their helpful input during several meetings. They also thank Paul Lee, MD, for providing valuable consulting advice,
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Manuscript no. 210871.
The National Eye Institute was responsible for Technical Advisory Committee appointment and funded 90% of the project under a support contract (no. NO1-EY-6-2112) to The EMMES Corporation. Additional funding came from the American Academy of Ophthalmology, Allergan, Inc., Bausch & Lomb, Inc., and others in industry. Dr Hays was supported in part by the UCLA/DREW Project EXPORT, National Institutes of Health, National Center on Minority Health & Health Disparities (P20-MD00148-01). Drs Hays and Mangione were also supported in part by the UCLA Center for Health Improvement in Minority Elders/Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Aging (AG-02-004).