Original articleCombined Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Reticular Drusen Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Section snippets
In Vivo Imaging
High-resolution imaging was performed using a combined instrument (Spectralis HRA+OCT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) that allows for simultaneous recording of cSLO and SD OCT images.21 A minimum standardized imaging protocol was performed in all patients, which included acquisition of near-infrared reflectance (λ = 830 nm; field of view, 30°×30°; image resolution, 768×768 pixels) and simultaneous SD OCT scanning using a second, independent pair of scanning mirrors (λ = 870 nm;
Results
A total of 116 eyes of 78 patients with a mean age of 79.5±6.0 years (range, 66–94 years) were enrolled in the study. There were 62 females and 16 males. According to the Age-Related Eye Disease Study severity scale for AMD, there were 2 patients with stage 2 disease and 7 patients with stage 3 disease.23 A total of 21 patients had Age-Related Eye Disease Study stage 4 disease, among whom 19 had neovascular AMD and 2 had nonneovascular AMD in the eye with advanced AMD. Of the remaining 48
Discussion
This study revealed distinct and marked changes anterior to the RPE cell monolayer at the level of outer retinal layers as the morphologic substrate for reticular drusen. After their development and clinical application, both cSLO and SD OCT imaging previously have offered new insights in other retinal and macular disease manifestations. This study underscores the use of the simultaneous application of both techniques with the correspondence of topographic and tomographic scans for contributing
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Clinical Characteristics and Progression of Geographic Atrophy in a Japanese Population
2023, Ophthalmology RetinaReticular pseudodrusen: A critical phenotype in age-related macular degeneration
2022, Progress in Retinal and Eye ResearchCitation Excerpt :RPD have often been defined previously based on the presence of hyporeflective lesions against a mildly hyperreflective background (Lee et al., 2012a; Sohrab et al., 2011; Ueda-Arakawa et al., 2013a) on NIR of cSLO imaging. However, others have also reported that these lesions can have a hyperreflective (Schmitz-Valckenberg et al., 2010) or isoreflective core (Querques et al., 2011), with the latter being described as having a “target” aspect for these lesions. Suzuki and colleagues noted that lesions with a “target” appearance often corresponded to what they had previously described as “dot SDDs”, whilst hyporeflective ribbons corresponded to “ribbon SDDs” (Suzuki et al., 2014).
Reticular Pseudodrusen: Detecting a Common High-Risk Feature in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
2021, Ophthalmology Retina
Manuscript no. 2009-910.
Supported by the German Research Council (DFG; grant no.: Ho 1926/1-3), Bonn, Germany; and a German Society of Ophthalmology (DOG) Research Grant, Munich, Germany.
Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have made the following disclosure(s):
S. Schmitz-Valckenberg - Lecturer - Heidelberg Engineering.
M. Fleckenstein - Lecturer - Heidelberg Engineering.
F. G. Holz - Lecturer, Consultant - Heidelberg Engineering; Consultant - Zeiss MediTec.