Purpose: To report on the frequency and clinical features of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in a consecutive series of elderly Italian patients presenting with macular exudation.
Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective study on a series of 194 consecutive patients 50 years or older with newly diagnosed exudative maculopathy and the presumed diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Color and/or red-free photographs and fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography were performed in all patients.
Results: Of the 194 patients, 19 (9.8%) were diagnosed with PCV. The remaining 175 (90.2%) patients had ARMD complicated by choroidal neovascularization. No age or sex differences were observed between the two groups. The disease was unilateral in 103 (58.9%) of 175 ARMD cases compared with 15 (78.9%) of 19 PCV cases (P = 0.09). Nine (47.3%) of 19 patients with PCV had an extramacular choroidal neovascularization, compared with only 5 (2.9%) of 175 patients with ARMD (P < 0.0001). Significant drusen were present in the fellow eyes of 66 (64.1%) of 103 unilateral cases in the ARMD group and in 4 (26.7%) of 15 patients with unilateral disease in the PCV group (P = 0.006).
Conclusions: Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy is not an uncommon disease in Italy and should be suspected in patients presenting with extramacular lesions and no large drusen in the fellow eye.