Purpose: To analyze the risk of retinal detachment in highly myopic patients who underwent implantation of phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs).
Methods: In a retrospective, non-comparative, interventional case series, the occurrence of retinal detachment was analyzed in 522 consecutive highly myopic eyes (323 patients) that underwent PIOL implantation. Treatment and results were reviewed. Parameters evaluated were best corrected visual acuity before and after retinal detachment surgery and time between refractive surgery and retinal detachment.
Results: Fifteen (2.87%) eyes presented with retinal detachment after PIOL implantation, with a mean time between surgery and detachment of 24.4 +/- 24.4 months (range: 1 to 92 months). The risk of retinal detachment in patients with high myopia corrected by PIOL implantation was 0.57% at 3 months, 1.64% at 12 months, 2.73% at 36 months, and 4.06% at 92 to 145 months (Kaplan-Meier analysis). A comparative study between the group of patients with retinal detachment and the remaining patients without retinal detachment was performed. Differences were found in axial length (30.65 +/- 1.97 vs 29.51 +/- 2.02; P=.028, one factor-analysis of variance test).
Conclusions: The risk of retinal detachment in eyes implanted with phakic lenses for the correction of high myopia is higher in eyes with axial length >30.24 mm.