Abstract
Due to multiple beneficial effects, including control of disease activity, reduction in cardiovascular events and improved survival, hydroxychloroquine is now recommended long-term for all patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. However, patients must be made aware of the possible risk of retinal toxicity and have eye examinations to monitor for this complication. As hydroxychloroquine becomes more widely used in systemic lupus erythematosus, physicians must also be aware of rare but serious adverse effects, including neuromyotoxicity and cardiotoxicity.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Antimalarials / pharmacology
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Carbohydrate Metabolism / drug effects
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Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology
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Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
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Chloroquine / pharmacology
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Chloroquine / therapeutic use
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Clinical Trials as Topic
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Cohort Studies
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Double-Blind Method
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Drug Eruptions / etiology
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Drug Interactions
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Female
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Fetus / drug effects
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Gastrointestinal Diseases / chemically induced
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Humans
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Hydroxychloroquine / adverse effects
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Hydroxychloroquine / pharmacology
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Hydroxychloroquine / therapeutic use*
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Immunologic Factors / adverse effects
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Immunologic Factors / pharmacology
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Immunologic Factors / therapeutic use*
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Lactation
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Lipid Metabolism / drug effects
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Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / complications
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Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / drug therapy*
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Lupus Nephritis / prevention & control
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Male
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Models, Biological
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Pregnancy
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Pregnancy Complications / drug therapy
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Proton Pump Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
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Retinal Diseases / chemically induced
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Ultraviolet Rays / adverse effects
Substances
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Antimalarials
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Immunologic Factors
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Proton Pump Inhibitors
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Hydroxychloroquine
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Chloroquine