Intraocular lens implantation in young children can yield satisfactory results when the surgical techniques are modified and adapted to the child's eye. Between June 1983 and July 1988, 84 posterior chamber lenses were implanted in 80 children aged 2 months to 8 years. An elective posterior capsulotomy followed by an anterior vitrectomy was performed in all cases prior to the lens insertion. This step allowed a permanent clear visual axis which in turn has facilitated visual rehabilitation of the pseudophakic eye. The best results occurred in the developmental cataract group followed by the traumatic cataract group; the poorest visual outcome occurred in patients with unilateral congenital cataracts. Amblyopia treatment and alternative methods of correcting pediatric aphakia are discussed.