One hundred eighty-seven premature babies, 48 of whom suffered from retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), were examined. A higher incidence of strabismus was found in the group with cicatricial ROP (23% vs. 9%). Amblyopia was present in 6% of the ROP group and in only 1.4% of babies without ROP. Myopia was found in 50% of the ROP group as compared with 15% in the nonROP group. Astigmatism and anisometropia were more common in the ROP group, but hypermetropia was equally represented in both groups.