This is a long-term natural history study of 123 consecutive, nonselected patients (218 eyes) with senile retinoschisis examined periodically, while deliberately withholding all forms of treatment, for from 1 to 21 years (average, 9.1 years) so that the natural behavior and prognosis of this disease could be learned and reasonable recommendations for management could be formulated. The quadrant of maximal involvement was the inferior temporal and 74% of the lesions had posterior borders which were postequatorial. Senile retinoschisis was found to be primarily asymptomatic and nonprogressive. Current indications for treatment, treatment modalities, and complication rates published in recent literature are analysed. No case of symptomatic progressive retinal detachment occurred, but there were 14 cases of localized, nonprogressive and asymptomatic "schisis-detachment". Current indications for treatment of senile retinoschisis should be seriously reevaluated and reduced to one primary indication for treatment, namely symptomatic progressive retinal detachment.