The surgical results and postoperative complications associated with silicone oil injection in the treatment of complicated retinal detachment were evaluated in a series of 164 eyes followed for a minimum of 6 months. The incidence of recurrent retinal detachment, corneal decompensation, cataract, glaucoma, and hypotony were noted to be high, and the final visual results were often disappointing. The avoidance and treatment of these complications are discussed, and removal of the silicone oil after sustained anatomic retinal reattachment has been attained is recommended.