A comparison of racial distributions for three groups of patients showed that 115 of 140 patients (81.6%) with open-angle glaucoma, 221 of 392 patients (56.4%) with ocular hypertension, and 1,028 of 2,109 patients (48.7%) in a random sample were black. Average age at diagnosis was significantly (P = .006) higher for whites than for blacks (69.1 years vs 63.7 years). Black patients with primary open-angle glaucoma had a significantly larger mean cup-disk ratio (P less than or equal to .002) and a higher but not significantly higher mean intraocular pressure at the time of diagnosis. Advanced glaucomatous visual field loss was more frequent at the time of diagnosis in blacks (43 of 129 patients or 33.3%) than in whites (five of 27 patients or 18.5%), but this difference was not significant.